8 and 12-port signal integrity network analyzers
This means that a user can complete a full 12-port S-parameter measurement in approximately 30 minutes with much of that time being unattended acquisition and calculation time. Multi-lane differential signaling has become pervasive, and is used in standards such as PCIe Gen3, Serial Rapid IO, InfiniBand, and 40/100 GBASE Ethernet. More than ever, signal integrity issues due to crosstalk and channel effects such as intersymbol interference lead to closed eyes and jitter. Signal integrity engineers find that they must attempt to both predict and understand these issues when designing multi-lane differential circuits and interconnects to avoid design modifications and costly re-spins.
When using a network analyzer with only 4 ports, signal integrity engineers can measure the S-parameters of only a single differential lane. While useful, these measurements only provide a partial understanding of circuit behavior, and do not characterize the crosstalk between lanes. With the SPARQ-3012E, users can measure the complete 12-port S-parameter matrix in both single-ended and mixed-mode representations, at the click of a button. The resulting S-parameters characterize the near-end (NEXT) and far-end (FEXT) crosstalk between up to three differential lanes, and which can then be used in aggressor-victim-aggressor modeling in order both to predict circuit performance and to study transmitter and receiver equalization schemes that may be required to open closed eyes. The SPARQ models are rated to 30GHz end frequency, and can return S-parameter results out to 40 GHz.
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