Amazon announces ‘Ocelot’ bosonic quantum chip
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Amazon Web Services (AWS) has announced its first-generation superconducting quantum device called Ocelot, which it claims has a scalable architecture that can reduce the need for error correction by up to 90 percent.
This could a be a key to building practical quantum computers with millions of qubits. Conventionally qubits are highly susceptible to noise and require extensive error correction.
Ocelot was developed by a team at the AWS Center for Quantum Computing at the California Institute of Technology,
Ocelot is based on two silicon chips of about 1 square centimeter area that are connected face-to-face sandwiching a layer of superconducting tantalum that can form the basis of oscillators.
The Ocelot logical-qubit memory chip comprises five cat data qubits, each housing an oscillator that is used to store the quantum data. The storage oscillator of each cat qubit is connected to two ancillary transmon qubits for phase-flip-error detection and a nonlinear buffer circuit used to suppress bit-flip errors.
Amongst the claims for the component are a scalable architecture that supports bosonic error correction. This is reportedly superior to other forms of quantum error correction, which may use something as simple as multiple redundancy and majority voting. Unlike traditional qubit-based schemes, bosonic codes leverage the infinite-dimensional Hilbert space of a single bosonic mode to provide intrinsic protection against certain types of errors.
The Ocelot is also claimed to be the first implementation of noise-biased gate and to have state-of-the-art superconducting qubit performance with bit-flip times of one second and phase-flip times of 20 microseconds.
Authors at AWS said that scaling Ocelot to a full quantum computer would require as little as one tenth the resources of other quantum approaches.
Part of the approach of Ocelot is to share the information in each logical qubit across multiple physical qubits, and thus protect the information from external noise. Errors can then be detected and corrected in a manner analogous to the classical error correction methods used in digital storage and communication.
Ocelot’s cat-qubit architecture is named after Schroedinger’s dead/alive cat and AWS is working on next-generation versions of Ocelot to further drive down logical error rates.
AWS joins Microsoft and Google in launching significant quantum computing components. Microsoft announced ‘Majorana1’ last week and Google announced ‘Willow’ in December 2024
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