NTT Research unveils world’s first programmable nonlinear photonics chip
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NTT Research, together with Cornell University and Stanford University, has demonstrated the world’s first programmable nonlinear photonic waveguide — a breakthrough that challenges the long-held “one device, one function” paradigm in photonics. The new chip can switch between multiple nonlinear-optical functions in real time, opening new possibilities for tunable light sources, optical computing, and quantum communication.
This marks a key milestone for the photonics and quantum technology sectors. The ability to dynamically program nonlinear optical functions could accelerate innovation in integrated photonics, reduce system costs, and improve yields in both classical and quantum optical circuit manufacturing.
Breaking the “one device, one function” barrier
Detailed in a Nature paper titled “Programmable On-Chip Nonlinear Photonics,” the work was led by NTT Research scientist Ryotatsu Yanagimoto under the supervision of Prof. Peter L. McMahon at Cornell University. The collaboration introduces a silicon nitride–based waveguide whose nonlinearity can be modified dynamically using structured light patterns. When illuminated with a specific “programming” light, the device alters its optical properties — allowing multiple nonlinear functions to be performed on the same physical chip.
Using this approach, the team demonstrated arbitrary pulse shaping, tunable second-harmonic generation, holographic light formation, and real-time inverse design of optical functions. According to NTT Research, this dynamic programmability makes the device robust to fabrication imperfections and environmental drifts — long-standing issues in precision photonics.
Cross-industry implications for photonic integration
The programmable nonlinear waveguide could reshape multiple high-growth sectors, from datacom and telecom to quantum information processing.
By enabling one chip to perform many functions, the NTT Research innovation promises cost reduction, higher yields, and power and space efficiency — crucial for scaling optical circuits. In quantum computing, programmable frequency converters and quantum light sources could allow more flexible architectures and improved quantum networking. In telecommunications, tunable light sources and waveform generators could enhance optical communication systems and infrastructure resilience.
The researchers also see potential in manufacturing, imaging, and scientific instrumentation, where structured light control and reconfigurable optical systems can boost precision and adaptability.
Looking ahead, NTT Research plans to extend the technology to programmable quantum functions and explore new materials for enhanced nonlinear effects. The development signals a pivotal step toward scalable, reconfigurable photonic circuits — a foundation for future optical and quantum computing systems.
For an analysis of this experiment and its results, please read the blog post: “Demonstrating Programmable, On-Chip Nonlinear Photonics Transcending the One-Device-One-Function Paradigm.”
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