Google shows 105 qubit quantum processor with real time error correction
Google has shown a quantum processor with 105qubits and real time error correction that allows a scalable quantum computer.
The Willow quantum processor uses superconducting metals to form resonant circuits with capacitance and inductance coupled with Josephson junctions as nonlinear elements. By carefully choosing materials with a specialist fabrication process, the qubits can be integrated into large, complex devices. These are built in a specialist fab in Santa Barbara, California.
The qubits are controlled with microwave signals, which are delivered through specialist interconnect from room temperature all the way to extremely low temperatures. The wires incorporate filtering to protects the qubits from being affected by external noise.
“Willow can reduce errors exponentially as we scale up using more qubits. This cracks a key challenge in quantum error correction that the field has pursued for almost 30 years,” said Helmut Neven, founder of Google Quantum AI.
“As part of Google Research, our team has charted a long-term roadmap, and Willow moves us significantly along that path towards commercially relevant applications,” he said.
Research published in Nature shows that the more qubits used in Willow, the more the errors are reduced. The quantum array was scaled from a grid of 3×3 encoded qubits, to a grid of 5×5, to a grid of 7×7. Each time the error rate was cut in half, which Google sees as an exponential reduction in the error rate. This is known in the field as “below threshold” — being able to drive errors down while scaling up the number of qubits.
The Willow quantum processor is also one of the first examples of real-time error correction on a superconducting quantum system as a prototype for a scalable logical qubit.
blog.google/technology/research/
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